Client API module edoc added, see also http://www.snookles.com/scotttmp/IMG_7279-copy-copy.jpg
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%% @doc Erlang API for the Machi client-implemented Chain Replication
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%% @doc Erlang API for the Machi client-implemented Chain Replication
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%% (CORFU-style) protocol.
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%% (CORFU-style) protocol.
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%%
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%%
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%% See also the docs for {@link machi_flu1_client} for additional
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%% Please see {@link machi_flu1_client} the "Client API implemntation notes"
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%% details on data types and operation descriptions.
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%% section for how this module relates to the rest of the client API
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%% implementation.
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%%
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%%
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%% The API here is much simpler than the {@link machi_flu1_client} or
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%% The API here is much simpler than the {@link machi_flu1_client} or
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%% {@link machi_proxy_flu1_client} APIs. This module's API is a
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%% {@link machi_proxy_flu1_client} APIs. This module's API is a
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%%
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%%
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%% Doc TODO: Once this API stabilizes, add all relevant data type details
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%% Doc TODO: Once this API stabilizes, add all relevant data type details
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%% to the EDoc here.
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%% to the EDoc here.
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%%
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%%
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%% === Missing API features ===
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%%
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%% So far, there is one missing client API feature that ought to be
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%% added to Machi in the near future: more flexible checksum
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%% management.
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%%
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%% Add a `source' annotation to all checksums to indicate where the
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%% checksum was calculated. For example,
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%%
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%% <ul>
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%%
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%% <li> Calculated by client that performed the original chunk append,
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%% </li>
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%%
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%% <li> Calculated by the 1st Machi server to receive an
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%% un-checksummed append request
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%% </li>
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%%
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%% <li> Re-calculated by Machi to manage fewer checksums of blocks of
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%% data larger than the original client-specified chunks.
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%% </li>
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%% </ul>
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%%
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%% Client-side checksums would be the "strongest" type of
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%% checksum, meaning that any data corruption (of the original
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%% data and/or of the checksum itself) can be detected after the
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%% client-side calculation. There are too many horror stories on
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%% The Net about IP PDUs that are corrupted but unnoticed due to
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%% weak TCP checksums, buggy hardware, buggy OS drivers, etc.
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%% Checksum versioning is also desirable if/when the current checksum
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%% implementation changes from SHA-1 to something else.
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%%
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%%
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%% === Implementation notes ===
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%%
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%% The major operation processing is implemented in a state machine-like
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%% manner. Before attempting an operation `X', there's an initial
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%% operation `pre-X' that takes care of updating the epoch id,
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%% restarting client protocol proxies, and if there's any server
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%% instability (e.g. some server is wedged), then insert some sleep
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%% time. When the chain appears to have stabilized, then we try the `X'
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%% operation again.
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%%
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%% Function name for the `pre-X' stuff is usually `X()', and the
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%% function name for the `X' stuff is usually `X2()'. (I.e., the `X'
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%% stuff follows after `pre-X' and therefore has a `2' suffix on the
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%% function name.)
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%%
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%% In the case of read repair, there are two stages: find the value to
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%% perform the repair, then perform the repair writes. In the case of
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%% the repair writes, the `pre-X' function is named `read_repair3()',
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%% and the `X' function is named `read_repair4()'.
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%%
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%% TODO: It would be nifty to lift the very-nearly-but-not-quite-boilerplate
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%% of the `pre-X' functions into a single common function ... but I'm not
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%% sure yet on how to do it without making the code uglier.
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-module(machi_cr_client).
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-module(machi_cr_client).
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%% TODO This EDoc was written first, and the EDoc and also `-type' and
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%% TODO This EDoc was written first, and the EDoc and also `-type' and
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%% `-spec' definitions for {@link machi_proxy_flu1_client} and {@link
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%% `-spec' definitions for {@link machi_proxy_flu1_client} and {@link
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%% machi_cr_client} must be improved.
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%% machi_cr_client} must be improved.
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%%
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%% == Client API implementation notes ==
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%%
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%% At the moment, there are several modules that implement various
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%% subsets of the Machi API. The table below attempts to show how and
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%% why they differ.
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%%
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%% ```
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%% |--------------------------+-------+-----+------+------+-------+----------------|
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%% | | PB | | # | | Conn | Epoch & NS |
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%% | Module name | Level | CR? | FLUS | Impl | Life? | version aware? |
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%% |--------------------------+-------+-----+------+------+-------+----------------|
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%% | machi_pb_high_api_client | high | yes | many | proc | long | no |
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%% | machi_cr_client | low | yes | many | proc | long | no |
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%% | machi_proxy_flu1_client | low | no | 1 | proc | long | yes |
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%% | machi_flu1_client | low | no | 1 | lib | short | yes |
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%% |--------------------------+-------+-----+------+------+-------+----------------|
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%% '''
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%%
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%% In terms of use and API layering, the table rows are in highest`->'lowest
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%% order: each level calls the layer immediately below it.
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%%
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%% <dl>
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%% <dt> <b> PB Level</b> </dt>
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%% <dd> The Protocol Buffers API is divided logically into two levels,
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%% "low" and "high". The low-level protocol is used for intra-chain
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%% communication. The high-level protocol is used for clients outside
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%% of a Machi chain or Machi cluster of chains.
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%% </dd>
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%% <dt> <b> CR?</b> </dt>
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%% <dd> Does this API support (directly or indirectly) Chain
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%% Replication? If `no', then the API has no awareness of multiple
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%% replicas of any file or file chunk; unaware clients can only
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%% perform operations at a single Machi FLU's file service or
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%% projection store service.
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%% </dd>
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%% <dt> <b> # FLUs</b> </dt>
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%% <dd> Now many FLUs does this API layer communicate with
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%% simultaneously? Note that there is a one-to-one correspondence
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%% between this value and the "CR?" column's value.
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%% </dd>
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%% <dt> <b> Impl</b> </dt>
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%% <dd> Implementation: library-only or an Erlang process,
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%% e.g., `gen_server'.
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%% </dd>
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%% <dt> <b> Conn Life?</b> </dt>
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%% <dd> Expected TCP session connection life: short or long. At the
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%% lowest level, the {@link machi_flu1_client} API implementation takes
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%% no effort to reconnect to a remote FLU when its single TCP session
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%% is broken. For long-lived connection life APIs, the server side will
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%% automatically attempt to reconnect to remote FLUs when a TCP session
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%% is broken.
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%% </dd>
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%% <dt> <b> Epoch & NS version aware?</b> </dt>
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%% <dd> Are clients of this API responsible for knowing a chain's EpochID
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%% and namespace version numbers? If `no', then the server side of the
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%% API will automatically attempt to discover/re-discover the EpochID and
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%% namespace version numbers whenever they change.
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%% </dd>
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%% </dl>
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%%
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%% The only protocol that we expect to be used by entities outside of
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%% a single Machi chain or a multi-chain cluster is the "high"
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%% Protocol Buffers API. The {@link riak_pb_high_api_client} module
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%% is an Erlang reference implementation of this PB API.
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-module(machi_flu1_client).
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-module(machi_flu1_client).
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%% to a single socket connection, and there is no code to deal with
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%% to a single socket connection, and there is no code to deal with
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%% multiple connections/load balancing/error handling to several/all
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%% multiple connections/load balancing/error handling to several/all
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%% Machi cluster servers.
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%% Machi cluster servers.
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%%
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%% Please see {@link machi_flu1_client} the "Client API implemntation notes"
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%% section for how this module relates to the rest of the client API
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%% implementation.
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-module(machi_pb_high_client).
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-module(machi_pb_high_client).
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%% proxy-process style API for hiding messy details such as TCP
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%% proxy-process style API for hiding messy details such as TCP
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%% connection/disconnection with the remote Machi server.
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%% connection/disconnection with the remote Machi server.
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%%
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%%
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%% Please see {@link machi_flu1_client} the "Client API implemntation notes"
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%% section for how this module relates to the rest of the client API
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%% implementation.
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%%
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%% Machi is intentionally avoiding using distributed Erlang for
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%% Machi is intentionally avoiding using distributed Erlang for
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%% Machi's communication. This design decision makes Erlang-side code
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%% Machi's communication. This design decision makes Erlang-side code
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%% more difficult & complex, but it's the price to pay for some
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%% more difficult & complex, but it's the price to pay for some
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