mentat/lazy_static/index.html
2018-08-22 17:04:13 +00:00

225 lines
No EOL
13 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="generator" content="rustdoc">
<meta name="description" content="API documentation for the Rust `lazy_static` crate.">
<meta name="keywords" content="rust, rustlang, rust-lang, lazy_static">
<title>lazy_static - Rust</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../normalize.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../rustdoc.css" id="mainThemeStyle">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../dark.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../main.css" id="themeStyle">
<script src="../storage.js"></script>
</head>
<body class="rustdoc mod">
<!--[if lte IE 8]>
<div class="warning">
This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky
things.
</div>
<![endif]-->
<nav class="sidebar">
<div class="sidebar-menu">&#9776;</div>
<p class='location'>Crate lazy_static</p><div class="sidebar-elems"><div class="block items"><ul><li><a href="#macros">Macros</a></li><li><a href="#traits">Traits</a></li><li><a href="#functions">Functions</a></li></ul></div><p class='location'></p><script>window.sidebarCurrent = {name: 'lazy_static', ty: 'mod', relpath: '../'};</script></div>
</nav>
<div class="theme-picker">
<button id="theme-picker" aria-label="Pick another theme!">
<img src="../brush.svg" width="18" alt="Pick another theme!">
</button>
<div id="theme-choices"></div>
</div>
<script src="../theme.js"></script>
<nav class="sub">
<form class="search-form js-only">
<div class="search-container">
<input class="search-input" name="search"
autocomplete="off"
placeholder="Click or press S to search, ? for more options…"
type="search">
</div>
</form>
</nav>
<section id='main' class="content">
<h1 class='fqn'><span class='in-band'>Crate <a class="mod" href=''>lazy_static</a></span><span class='out-of-band'><span id='render-detail'>
<a id="toggle-all-docs" href="javascript:void(0)" title="collapse all docs">
[<span class='inner'>&#x2212;</span>]
</a>
</span><a class='srclink' href='../src/lazy_static/lib.rs.html#8-223' title='goto source code'>[src]</a></span></h1>
<div class='docblock'><p>A macro for declaring lazily evaluated statics.</p>
<p>Using this macro, it is possible to have <code>static</code>s that require code to be
executed at runtime in order to be initialized.
This includes anything requiring heap allocations, like vectors or hash maps,
as well as anything that requires function calls to be computed.</p>
<h1 id="syntax" class="section-header"><a href="#syntax">Syntax</a></h1>
<div class='information'><div class='tooltip ignore'><span class='tooltiptext'>This example is not tested</span></div></div><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered ignore">
<span class="macro">lazy_static</span><span class="macro">!</span> {
[<span class="kw">pub</span>] <span class="kw">static</span> <span class="kw-2">ref</span> <span class="ident">NAME_1</span>: <span class="ident">TYPE_1</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">EXPR_1</span>;
[<span class="kw">pub</span>] <span class="kw">static</span> <span class="kw-2">ref</span> <span class="ident">NAME_2</span>: <span class="ident">TYPE_2</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">EXPR_2</span>;
...
[<span class="kw">pub</span>] <span class="kw">static</span> <span class="kw-2">ref</span> <span class="ident">NAME_N</span>: <span class="ident">TYPE_N</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">EXPR_N</span>;
}</pre>
<p>Attributes (including doc comments) are supported as well:</p>
<pre class="rust rust-example-rendered">
<span class="macro">lazy_static</span><span class="macro">!</span> {
<span class="doccomment">/// This is an example for using doc comment attributes</span>
<span class="kw">static</span> <span class="kw-2">ref</span> <span class="ident">EXAMPLE</span>: <span class="ident">u8</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="number">42</span>;
}</pre>
<h1 id="semantics" class="section-header"><a href="#semantics">Semantics</a></h1>
<p>For a given <code>static ref NAME: TYPE = EXPR;</code>, the macro generates a unique type that
implements <code>Deref&lt;TYPE&gt;</code> and stores it in a static with name <code>NAME</code>. (Attributes end up
attaching to this type.)</p>
<p>On first deref, <code>EXPR</code> gets evaluated and stored internally, such that all further derefs
can return a reference to the same object. Note that this can lead to deadlocks
if you have multiple lazy statics that depend on each other in their initialization.</p>
<p>Apart from the lazy initialization, the resulting &quot;static ref&quot; variables
have generally the same properties as regular &quot;static&quot; variables:</p>
<ul>
<li>Any type in them needs to fulfill the <code>Sync</code> trait.</li>
<li>If the type has a destructor, then it will not run when the process exits.</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="example" class="section-header"><a href="#example">Example</a></h1>
<p>Using the macro:</p>
<pre class="rust rust-example-rendered">
<span class="attribute">#[<span class="ident">macro_use</span>]</span>
<span class="kw">extern</span> <span class="kw">crate</span> <span class="ident">lazy_static</span>;
<span class="kw">use</span> <span class="ident">std</span>::<span class="ident">collections</span>::<span class="ident">HashMap</span>;
<span class="macro">lazy_static</span><span class="macro">!</span> {
<span class="kw">static</span> <span class="kw-2">ref</span> <span class="ident">HASHMAP</span>: <span class="ident">HashMap</span><span class="op">&lt;</span><span class="ident">u32</span>, <span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="lifetime">&#39;static</span> <span class="ident">str</span><span class="op">&gt;</span> <span class="op">=</span> {
<span class="kw">let</span> <span class="kw-2">mut</span> <span class="ident">m</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">HashMap</span>::<span class="ident">new</span>();
<span class="ident">m</span>.<span class="ident">insert</span>(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="string">&quot;foo&quot;</span>);
<span class="ident">m</span>.<span class="ident">insert</span>(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">&quot;bar&quot;</span>);
<span class="ident">m</span>.<span class="ident">insert</span>(<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="string">&quot;baz&quot;</span>);
<span class="ident">m</span>
};
<span class="kw">static</span> <span class="kw-2">ref</span> <span class="ident">COUNT</span>: <span class="ident">usize</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">HASHMAP</span>.<span class="ident">len</span>();
<span class="kw">static</span> <span class="kw-2">ref</span> <span class="ident">NUMBER</span>: <span class="ident">u32</span> <span class="op">=</span> <span class="ident">times_two</span>(<span class="number">21</span>);
}
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">times_two</span>(<span class="ident">n</span>: <span class="ident">u32</span>) <span class="op">-&gt;</span> <span class="ident">u32</span> { <span class="ident">n</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="number">2</span> }
<span class="kw">fn</span> <span class="ident">main</span>() {
<span class="macro">println</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="string">&quot;The map has {} entries.&quot;</span>, <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="ident">COUNT</span>);
<span class="macro">println</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="string">&quot;The entry for `0` is \&quot;{}\&quot;.&quot;</span>, <span class="ident">HASHMAP</span>.<span class="ident">get</span>(<span class="kw-2">&amp;</span><span class="number">0</span>).<span class="ident">unwrap</span>());
<span class="macro">println</span><span class="macro">!</span>(<span class="string">&quot;A expensive calculation on a static results in: {}.&quot;</span>, <span class="kw-2">*</span><span class="ident">NUMBER</span>);
}</pre>
<h1 id="implementation-details" class="section-header"><a href="#implementation-details">Implementation details</a></h1>
<p>The <code>Deref</code> implementation uses a hidden static variable that is guarded by an atomic check on each access.</p>
<h1 id="cargo-features" class="section-header"><a href="#cargo-features">Cargo features</a></h1>
<p>This crate provides two cargo features:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>nightly</code>: This uses unstable language features only available on the nightly release channel for a more optimal implementation. In practice this currently means avoiding a heap allocation per static. This feature might get deprecated at a later point once all relevant optimizations are usable from stable.</li>
<li><code>spin_no_std</code> (implies <code>nightly</code>): This allows using this crate in a no-std environment, by depending on the standalone <code>spin</code> crate.</li>
</ul>
<p>Both features depend on unstable language features, which means
no guarantees can be made about them in regard to SemVer stability.</p>
</div><h2 id='macros' class='section-header'><a href="#macros">Macros</a></h2>
<table>
<tr class=' module-item'>
<td><a class="macro" href="macro.lazy_static.html"
title='macro lazy_static::lazy_static'>lazy_static</a></td>
<td class='docblock-short'>
</td>
</tr></table><h2 id='traits' class='section-header'><a href="#traits">Traits</a></h2>
<table>
<tr class=' module-item'>
<td><a class="trait" href="trait.LazyStatic.html"
title='trait lazy_static::LazyStatic'>LazyStatic</a></td>
<td class='docblock-short'>
<p>Support trait for enabling a few common operation on lazy static values.</p>
</td>
</tr></table><h2 id='functions' class='section-header'><a href="#functions">Functions</a></h2>
<table>
<tr class=' module-item'>
<td><a class="fn" href="fn.initialize.html"
title='fn lazy_static::initialize'>initialize</a></td>
<td class='docblock-short'>
<p>Takes a shared reference to a lazy static and initializes
it if it has not been already.</p>
</td>
</tr></table></section>
<section id='search' class="content hidden"></section>
<section class="footer"></section>
<aside id="help" class="hidden">
<div>
<h1 class="hidden">Help</h1>
<div class="shortcuts">
<h2>Keyboard Shortcuts</h2>
<dl>
<dt><kbd>?</kbd></dt>
<dd>Show this help dialog</dd>
<dt><kbd>S</kbd></dt>
<dd>Focus the search field</dd>
<dt><kbd></kbd></dt>
<dd>Move up in search results</dd>
<dt><kbd></kbd></dt>
<dd>Move down in search results</dd>
<dt><kbd></kbd></dt>
<dd>Switch tab</dd>
<dt><kbd>&#9166;</kbd></dt>
<dd>Go to active search result</dd>
<dt><kbd>+</kbd></dt>
<dd>Expand all sections</dd>
<dt><kbd>-</kbd></dt>
<dd>Collapse all sections</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="infos">
<h2>Search Tricks</h2>
<p>
Prefix searches with a type followed by a colon (e.g.
<code>fn:</code>) to restrict the search to a given type.
</p>
<p>
Accepted types are: <code>fn</code>, <code>mod</code>,
<code>struct</code>, <code>enum</code>,
<code>trait</code>, <code>type</code>, <code>macro</code>,
and <code>const</code>.
</p>
<p>
Search functions by type signature (e.g.
<code>vec -> usize</code> or <code>* -> vec</code>)
</p>
</div>
</div>
</aside>
<script>
window.rootPath = "../";
window.currentCrate = "lazy_static";
</script>
<script src="../main.js"></script>
<script defer src="../search-index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>