skiplist/examples/slm.c

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#pragma GCC push_options
#pragma GCC optimize ("O0")
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// OPTIONS to set before including sl.h
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define DEBUG
#define SKIPLIST_DIAGNOSTIC
/* Setting SKIPLIST_MAX_HEIGHT will do two things:
* 1) limit our max height across all instances of this data structure.
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* 2) remove a heap allocation on frequently used paths, insert/remove/etc.
* so, use it when you need it.
*/
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#define SKIPLIST_MAX_HEIGHT 12
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// Include our monolithic ADT, the Skiplist!
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include "../include/sl.h"
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// Local demo application OPTIONS:
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define TEST_ARRAY_SIZE 1000
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#define VALIDATE
//define SNAPSHOTS
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#define DOT
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#ifdef DOT
size_t gen = 0;
FILE *of = 0;
typedef struct esempio esempio_t;
typedef struct esempio_node esempio_node_t;
static int __skip_integrity_check_esempio(esempio_t *slist, int flags);
int api_skip_dot_esempio(FILE *os, esempio_t *slist, size_t nsg, char *msg, void (*fn)(struct esempio_node *, char *));
void sprintf_esempio_node(esempio_node_t *node, char *buf);
#endif
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#ifdef VALIDATE
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#define CHECK __skip_integrity_check_esempio(list, 0)
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#else
#define CHECK ((void)0)
#endif
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/*
* SKIPLIST EXAMPLE:
*
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* This example creates an "esempio" (example in Italian) Skiplist where keys
* are integers, values are strings allocated on the heap.
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*/
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/*
* To start, you must create a type node that will contain the
* fields you'd like to maintain in your Skiplist. In this case
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* we map int -> char [] on the heap, but what you put here is up
* to you. You don't even need a "key", just a way to compare one
* node against another, logic you'll provide in SKIP_DECL as a
* block below.
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*/
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struct esempio_node {
int key;
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char *value;
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SKIPLIST_ENTRY(esempio) entries;
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};
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/*
* Generate all the access functions for our type of Skiplist.
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*/
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SKIPLIST_DECL(
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esempio, api_, entries,
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/* compare entries: list, a, b, aux */
{
(void)list;
(void)aux;
if (a->key < b->key)
return -1;
if (a->key > b->key)
return 1;
return 0;
},
/* free entry: node */
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{ free(node->value); },
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/* update entry: rc, node, value */
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{
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char *numeral = (char *)value;
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if (node->value)
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free(node->value);
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node->value = numeral;
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},
/* archive an entry: rc, src, dest */
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{
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dest->key = src->key;
char *nv = calloc(strlen(src->value) + 1, sizeof(char));
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if (nv == NULL)
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rc = ENOMEM;
else {
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strncpy(nv, src->value, strlen(src->value));
dest->value = nv;
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}
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},
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/* size in bytes of the content stored in an entry: bytes */
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{ bytes = strlen(node->value) + 1; })
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/*
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* Skiplists are ordered, we need a way to compare entries.
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* Let's create a function with four arguments:
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* - a reference to the Skiplist, `slist`
* - the two nodes to compare, `a` and `b`
* - and `aux`, which you can use to pass into this function
* any additional information required to compare objects.
* `aux` is passed from the value in the Skiplist, you can
* modify that value at any time to suit your needs.
*
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* Your function should result in a return statement:
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* a < b : return -1
* a == b : return 0
* a > b : return 1
*
* This result provides the ordering within the Skiplist. Sometimes
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* your function will not be used when comparing nodes. This will
* happen when `a` or `b` are references to the head or tail of the
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* list or when `a == b`. In those cases the comparison function
* returns before using the code in your block, don't panic. :)
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int
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__esempio_key_compare(esempio_t *list, esempio_node_t *a, esempio_node_t *b, void *aux)
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{
(void)list;
(void)aux;
if (a->key < b->key)
return -1;
if (a->key > b->key)
return 1;
return 0;
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}
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*/
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/*
* Optional: Getters and Setters
* - get, put, dup(put), del, etc. functions
*
* It can be useful to have simple get/put-style API, but to
* do that you'll have to supply some blocks of code used to
* extract data from within your nodes.
*/
SKIPLIST_DECL_ACCESS(
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esempio, api_, key, int, value, char *,
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/* query blk */ { query.key = key; },
/* return blk */ { return node->value; })
/*
* Optional: Snapshots
*
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* Enable functions that enable returning to an earlier point in
* time when a snapshot was created.
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*/
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SKIPLIST_DECL_SNAPSHOTS(esempio, api_, entries)
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/*
* Optional: Archive to/from bytes
*
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* Enable functions that can write/read the content of your Skiplist
* out/in to/from an array of bytes.
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*/
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SKIPLIST_DECL_ARCHIVE(esempio, api_, entries)
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/*
* Optional: As Hashtable
*
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* Turn your Skiplist into a hash table.
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*/
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//TODO SKIPLIST_DECL_HASHTABLE(esempio, api_, entries, snaps)
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/*
* Optional: Check Skiplists at runtime
*
* Create a functions that validate the integrity of a Skiplist.
*/
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SKIPLIST_DECL_VALIDATE(esempio, api_, entries)
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/* Optional: Visualize your Skiplist using DOT/Graphviz in PDF
*
* Create the functions used to annotate a visualization of a Skiplist.
*/
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SKIPLIST_DECL_DOT(esempio, api_, entries)
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void
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sprintf_esempio_node(esempio_node_t *node, char *buf)
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{
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sprintf(buf, "%d:%s (hits: %lu)", node->key, node->value, node->entries.sle_levels[0].hits);
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//TODO sprintf(buf, "%d:%s", node->key, node->value);
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}
// Function for this demo application.
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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static char *
to_lower(char *str)
{
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char *p = str;
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for (; *p; ++p)
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*p = (char)(*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z' ? *p | 0x60 : *p);
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return str;
}
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static char *
to_upper(char *str)
{
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char *p = str;
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for (; *p; ++p)
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*p = (char)(*p >= 'a' && *p <= 'z' ? *p & ~0x20 : *p);
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return str;
}
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static char *
int_to_roman_numeral(int num)
{
int del[] = { 1000, 900, 500, 400, 100, 90, 50, 40, 10, 9, 5, 4, 1 }; // Key value in Roman counting
char *sym[] = { "M", "CM", "D", "CD", "C", "XC", "L", "XL", "X", "IX", "V", "IV", "I" }; // Symbols for key values
// The maximum length of the Roman numeral representation for the maximum signed 64-bit integer would be approximately 19 * 3 = 57 characters, assuming
// every digit is represented by its Roman numeral equivalent up to 3 repetitions. Therefore, 64 should be more than enough.
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char *res = (char *)calloc(4096, sizeof(char));
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int i = 0;
if (num < 0) {
res[0] = '-';
i++;
num = -num;
}
if (num == 0) {
res[0] = '0';
return res;
}
if (num > 10000) {
sprintf(res, "The person you were looking for is not here, their mailbox is full, good bye.");
return res;
}
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while (num) { // while input number is not zero
while (num / del[i]) { // while a number contains the largest key value possible
strcat(res, sym[i]); // append the symbol for this key value to res string
num -= del[i]; // subtract the key value from number
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}
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i++; // proceed to the next key value
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}
return res;
}
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void
shuffle(int *array, size_t n)
{
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if (n > 1) {
size_t i;
for (i = n - 1; i > 0; i--) {
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size_t j = (unsigned int)(rand() % (i + 1)); /* NOLINT(*-msc50-cpp) */
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int t = array[j];
array[j] = array[i];
array[i] = t;
}
}
}
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// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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int
main()
{
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int rc;
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#ifdef SNAPSHOTS
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size_t snap_i = 0;
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uint64_t snap_ids[2048];
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#endif
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#ifdef DOT
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of = fopen("/tmp/slm.dot", "w");
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if (!of) {
perror("Failed to open file /tmp/slm.dot");
return 1;
}
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#endif
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/* Allocate and initialize a Skiplist. */
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esempio_t *list = (esempio_t *)malloc(sizeof(esempio_t));
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if (list == NULL)
return ENOMEM;
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rc = api_skip_init_esempio(list, -12);
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if (rc)
return rc;
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api_skip_snapshots_init_esempio(list);
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#ifdef DOT
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api_skip_dot_esempio(of, list, gen++, "init", sprintf_esempio_node);
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#endif
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if (api_skip_get_esempio(list, 0) != NULL)
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perror("found a non-existent item!");
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api_skip_del_esempio(list, 0);
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CHECK;
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#ifdef SNAPSHOTS
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/* Test creating a snapshot of an empty Skiplist */
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snap_ids[snap_i++] = api_skip_snapshot_esempio(list);
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#endif
/* Insert 7 key/value pairs into the list. */
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int i, j;
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char *numeral;
#ifdef DOT
char msg[1024];
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memset(msg, 0, 1024);
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#endif
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int amt = TEST_ARRAY_SIZE, asz = (amt * 2) + 1;
int array[(TEST_ARRAY_SIZE * 2) + 1];
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for (j = 0, i = -amt; i <= amt; i++, j++)
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array[j] = i;
shuffle(array, asz);
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for (i = 0; i < asz; i++) {
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numeral = to_lower(int_to_roman_numeral(array[i]));
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rc = api_skip_put_esempio(list, array[i], numeral);
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CHECK;
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#ifdef SNAPSHOTS
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if (i > TEST_ARRAY_SIZE + 1) {
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snap_ids[snap_i++] = api_skip_snapshot_esempio(list);
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CHECK;
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}
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#endif
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#ifdef DOT
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sprintf(msg, "put key: %d value: %s", i, numeral);
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api_skip_dot_esempio(of, list, gen++, msg, sprintf_esempio_node);
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CHECK;
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#endif
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char *v = api_skip_get_esempio(list, array[i]);
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CHECK;
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char *upper_numeral = calloc(1, strlen(v) + 1);
strncpy(upper_numeral, v, strlen(v));
to_upper(upper_numeral);
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api_skip_set_esempio(list, array[i], upper_numeral);
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CHECK;
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if (i == 8) {
api_skip_get_esempio(list, -2);
api_skip_get_esempio(list, -2);
api_skip_get_esempio(list, -2);
api_skip_get_esempio(list, -2);
}
}
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numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(-1);
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api_skip_dup_esempio(list, -1, numeral);
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CHECK;
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#ifdef DOT
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sprintf(msg, "put dup key: %d value: %s", i, numeral);
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api_skip_dot_esempio(of, list, gen++, msg, sprintf_esempio_node);
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CHECK;
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#endif
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numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(1);
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api_skip_dup_esempio(list, 1, numeral);
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CHECK;
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#ifdef DOT
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sprintf(msg, "put dup key: %d value: %s", i, numeral);
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api_skip_dot_esempio(of, list, gen++, msg, sprintf_esempio_node);
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CHECK;
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#endif
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api_skip_del_esempio(list, 0);
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CHECK;
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if (api_skip_get_esempio(list, 0) != NULL)
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perror("found a deleted item!");
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api_skip_del_esempio(list, 0);
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CHECK;
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if (api_skip_get_esempio(list, 0) != NULL)
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perror("found a deleted item!");
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int key = TEST_ARRAY_SIZE + 1;
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api_skip_del_esempio(list, key);
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CHECK;
key = -(TEST_ARRAY_SIZE)-1;
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api_skip_del_esempio(list, key);
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CHECK;
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#ifdef DOT
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sprintf(msg, "deleted key: %d, value: %s", 0, numeral);
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api_skip_dot_esempio(of, list, gen++, msg, sprintf_esempio_node);
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CHECK;
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#endif
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#ifdef SNAPSHOTS
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api_skip_restore_snapshot_esempio(list, snap_ids[snap_i - 1]);
api_skip_release_snapshots_esempio(list);
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#endif
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numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(-(TEST_ARRAY_SIZE));
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_GTE, -(TEST_ARRAY_SIZE)-1)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(-2);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_GTE, -2)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(1);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_GTE, 0)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(2);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_GTE, 2)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
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assert(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_GTE, (TEST_ARRAY_SIZE + 1)) == NULL);
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numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(-(TEST_ARRAY_SIZE));
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_GT, -(TEST_ARRAY_SIZE)-1)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(-1);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_GT, -2)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(1);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_GT, 0)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(2);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_GT, 1)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
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assert(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_GT, TEST_ARRAY_SIZE) == NULL);
assert(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_LT, -(TEST_ARRAY_SIZE)) == NULL);
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numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(-2);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_LT, -1)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(-1);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_LT, 0)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(1);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_LT, 2)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(TEST_ARRAY_SIZE);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_LT, (TEST_ARRAY_SIZE + 1))->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
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assert(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_LTE, -(TEST_ARRAY_SIZE)-1) == NULL);
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numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(-2);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_LTE, -2)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(-1);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_LTE, 0)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(2);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_LTE, 2)->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
numeral = int_to_roman_numeral(TEST_ARRAY_SIZE);
assert(strcmp(api_skip_pos_esempio(list, SKIP_LTE, (TEST_ARRAY_SIZE + 1))->value, numeral) == 0);
free(numeral);
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#ifdef DOT
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api_skip_dot_end_esempio(of, gen);
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fclose(of);
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#endif
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api_skip_free_esempio(list);
free(list);
return rc;
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}
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#pragma GCC pop_options