xv6/exec.c

#include "types.h"
#include "param.h"
#include "mmu.h"
#include "proc.h"
#include "defs.h"
#include "x86.h"
#include "elf.h"

int
exec(char *path, char **argv)
{
  char *mem, *s, *last;
  int i, argc, arglen, len, off;
  uint sz, sp, spoffset, argp;
  struct elfhdr elf;
  struct inode *ip;
  struct proghdr ph;
  pde_t *pgdir, *oldpgdir;

  pgdir = 0;
  sz = 0;

  if((ip = namei(path)) == 0)
    return -1;
  ilock(ip);

  // Check ELF header
  if(readi(ip, (char*)&elf, 0, sizeof(elf)) < sizeof(elf))
    goto bad;
  if(elf.magic != ELF_MAGIC)
    goto bad;

  if(!(pgdir = setupkvm()))
    goto bad;

  // Load program into memory.
  for(i=0, off=elf.phoff; i<elf.phnum; i++, off+=sizeof(ph)){
    if(readi(ip, (char*)&ph, off, sizeof(ph)) != sizeof(ph))
      goto bad;
    if(ph.type != ELF_PROG_LOAD)
      continue;
    if(ph.memsz < ph.filesz)
      goto bad;
    if(!allocuvm(pgdir, (char *)ph.va, ph.memsz))
      goto bad;
    if(ph.va + ph.memsz > sz)
      sz = ph.va + ph.memsz;
    if(!loaduvm(pgdir, (char *)ph.va, ip, ph.offset, ph.filesz))
      goto bad;
  }
  iunlockput(ip);

  // Allocate and initialize stack at sz
  sz = PGROUNDUP(sz);
  sz += PGSIZE; // leave an invalid page
  if(!allocuvm(pgdir, (char *)sz, PGSIZE))
    goto bad;
  mem = uva2ka(pgdir, (char *)sz);
  spoffset = sz;
  sz += PGSIZE;

  arglen = 0;
  for(argc=0; argv[argc]; argc++)
    arglen += strlen(argv[argc]) + 1;
  arglen = (arglen+3) & ~3;

  sp = sz;
  argp = sz - arglen - 4*(argc+1);

  // Copy argv strings and pointers to stack.
  *(uint*)(mem+argp-spoffset + 4*argc) = 0;  // argv[argc]
  for(i=argc-1; i>=0; i--){
    len = strlen(argv[i]) + 1;
    sp -= len;
    memmove(mem+sp-spoffset, argv[i], len);
    *(uint*)(mem+argp-spoffset + 4*i) = sp;  // argv[i]
  }

  // Stack frame for main(argc, argv), below arguments.
  sp = argp;
  sp -= 4;
  *(uint*)(mem+sp-spoffset) = argp;
  sp -= 4;
  *(uint*)(mem+sp-spoffset) = argc;
  sp -= 4;
  *(uint*)(mem+sp-spoffset) = 0xffffffff;   // fake return pc

  // Save program name for debugging.
  for(last=s=path; *s; s++)
    if(*s == '/')
      last = s+1;
  safestrcpy(proc->name, last, sizeof(proc->name));

  // Commit to the user image.
  oldpgdir = proc->pgdir;
  proc->pgdir = pgdir;
  proc->sz = sz;
  proc->tf->eip = elf.entry;  // main
  proc->tf->esp = sp;

  switchuvm(proc); 

  freevm(oldpgdir);

  return 0;

 bad:
  if(pgdir) freevm(pgdir);
  iunlockput(ip);
  return -1;
}