Commit graph

136 commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Robert Morris
5a23692444 fix usertests to correctly test what happens when you call
exec() with arguments that don't fit on a single page.
2011-09-01 12:02:49 -04:00
Frans Kaashoek
194f8bf739 A comment 2011-08-22 20:07:18 -04:00
Frans Kaashoek
d10d324e79 Remove sys_init syscall
Invoke initlog from forkret on first user process
2011-08-22 20:05:15 -04:00
Frans Kaashoek
66ba8079c7 Use static page table for boot, mapping first 4Mbyte; no more segment trick
Allocate proper kernel page table immediately in main using boot allocator
Remove pginit
Simplify address space layout a tiny bit
More to come (e.g., superpages to simplify static table)
2011-08-09 21:37:35 -04:00
Frans Kaashoek
9aa0337dc1 Map kernel high
Very important to give qemu memory through PHYSTOP :(
2011-07-29 07:31:27 -04:00
Russ Cox
cf4b1ad90b xv6: formatting, cleanup, rev5 (take 2) 2011-02-19 21:17:55 -05:00
Russ Cox
1a81e38b17 make new code like old code
Variable declarations at top of function,
separate from initialization.

Use == 0 instead of ! for checking pointers.

Consistent spacing around {, *, casts.

Declare 0-parameter functions as (void) not ().

Integer valued functions return -1 on failure, 0 on success.
2011-01-11 13:01:13 -05:00
Robert Morris
faad047ab2 change some comments, maybe more informative
delete most comments from bootother.S (since copy of bootasm.S)
ksegment() -> seginit()
move more stuff from main() to mainc()
2010-09-13 15:34:44 -04:00
Austin Clements
79cd8b3eed Simplify allocuvm/deallocuvm to operate in a contiguous memory model. This makes their interface match up better with proc->sz and also simplifies the callers (it even gets the main body of exec on one page). 2010-09-02 18:28:36 -04:00
Austin Clements
f53e6110be Simplify inituvm and userinit by assuming initcode fits on a page 2010-09-02 15:42:25 -04:00
Austin Clements
c7c21467c3 Oops. Broke the build when I rearranged proc.c 2010-09-02 14:30:06 -04:00
Austin Clements
d8828817d7 Rearrange proc.h and proc.c to get our action-packed spreads back (mostly). They also make sense in this order, so it's not just for page layout. 2010-09-02 04:15:17 -04:00
Austin Clements
b0751a3e9b Space police 2010-09-01 00:41:25 -04:00
Austin Clements
7472b2b451 Fix too-long lines 2010-08-31 16:26:08 -04:00
Robert Morris
7d7dc9331b kalloc/kfree now only a page at a time
do not keep sorted contiguous free list
2010-08-31 12:54:47 -04:00
Robert Morris
83d2db91f7 allow sbrk(-x) to de-allocate user memory 2010-08-10 17:08:41 -04:00
Robert Morris
c4cc10da7e fix corner cases in exec of ELF
put an invalid page below the stack
have fork() handle invalid pages
2010-08-06 11:12:18 -04:00
Robert Morris
c99599784e remove some unused vm #defines
fix corner cases with alignment when mapping kernel ELF file
2010-08-05 16:00:59 -04:00
Frans Kaashoek
30f5bf0548 some cleanup 2010-07-25 20:30:21 -04:00
Frans Kaashoek
4714c20521 Checkpoint page-table version for SMP
Includes code for TLB shootdown (which actually seems unnecessary for xv6)
2010-07-23 07:41:13 -04:00
Frans Kaashoek
40889627ba Initial version of single-cpu xv6 with page tables 2010-07-02 14:51:53 -04:00
Frans Kaashoek
ccd980bedf nit in comment 2009-09-20 20:19:58 -04:00
Russ Cox
c9ee77b8a2 formatting tweaks 2009-09-03 00:46:15 -07:00
Russ Cox
d26025d124 can set just %gs now. 2009-09-02 10:09:34 -07:00
Russ Cox
7e0cc8e36e another attempt at cpu-local variables.
this time do it ourselves instead of piggybacking on TLS.
add -fno-pic to Makefile; pic code breaks our fake TLS.
2009-09-02 10:07:59 -07:00
Russ Cox
f8ab2079cd fix TLS again;
still not quite but a lot better.
2009-09-02 07:59:24 -07:00
Russ Cox
57ae146362 Fix TLS for PIC systems 2009-09-02 07:41:08 -07:00
Russ Cox
48755214c9 assorted fixes:
* rename c/cp to cpu/proc
 * rename cpu.context to cpu.scheduler
 * fix some comments
 * formatting for printout
2009-08-30 23:02:08 -07:00
Russ Cox
0aef891495 shuffle and tweak for formatting.
pdf has very good page breaks now.
would be a good copy for fall 2009.
2009-08-08 01:07:30 -07:00
Russ Cox
00e571155c more doc tweaks 2009-07-12 18:33:37 -07:00
Russ Cox
2c5f7aba38 initproc, usegment, swtch tweaks 2009-07-11 19:28:29 -07:00
rsc
27ff8f0e6f compile fixes 2009-05-31 05:13:51 +00:00
rsc
34295f461a group locks into structs they protect.
few naming nits.
2009-05-31 05:12:21 +00:00
rsc
7b644318dd clean up %fs %gs use 2009-05-31 01:12:08 +00:00
rsc
215738336a move fork into proc.c 2009-05-31 00:38:51 +00:00
rsc
19333efb9e Some proc cleanup, moving some of copyproc into allocproc.
Also, an experiment: use "thread-local" storage for c and cp
instead of the #define macro for curproc[cpu()].
2009-05-31 00:28:45 +00:00
rsc
2157576107 be consistent: no underscores in function names 2009-03-08 22:07:13 +00:00
kolya
c100d9ee2d cleaner swtch.S 2008-10-15 05:14:10 +00:00
kolya
228e500a0c save cpus.intena in sched(), so we get the right EFLAGS.IF value once a
timer-preempted kernel thread resumes execution in trap() after yield().
otherwise the kernel could get an arbitrary number of nested timer intrs.
2008-10-15 05:01:39 +00:00
rtm
4651d04ad1 omit *.d from tar file 2008-09-11 10:20:40 +00:00
rtm
ee3f75f229 simplify growproc 2008-08-28 17:57:47 +00:00
rtm
98754d687e avoid a bug w/ exit() 2008-08-28 00:53:24 +00:00
rtm
fd6b029401 proc_wait -> wait 2007-10-20 18:25:38 +00:00
rsc
ab08960f64 Final word on the locking fiasco?
Change pushcli / popcli so that they can never turn on
interrupts unexpectedly.  That is, if interrupts are on,
then pushcli(); popcli(); turns them off and back on, but
if they are off to begin with, then pushcli(); popcli(); is
a no-op.

I think our fundamental mistake was having a primitive
(release and then popcli nee spllo) that could turn
interrupts on at unexpected moments instead of being
explicit about when we want to start allowing interrupts.

With the new semantics, all the manual fiddling of ncli
to force interrupts off in certain sections goes away.
In return, we must explicitly mark the places where
we want to enable interrupts unconditionally, by calling sti().
There is only one: inside the scheduler loop.
2007-09-27 21:25:37 +00:00
rsc
c95bde8163 yank out stack overflow checking ugliness 2007-09-27 20:38:53 +00:00
rsc
4f74de0edc okay, that was long enough - revert 2007-09-27 20:32:45 +00:00
rsc
ce2e751555 test: store curproc at top of stack
I don't actually think this is worthwhile, but I figured
I would check it in before reverting it, so that it can
be in the revision history.

Pros:
  * curproc doesn't need to turn on/off interrupts
  * scheduler doesn't have to edit curproc anymore

Cons:
  * it's ugly
  * all the stack computation is more complicated.
  * it doesn't actually simplify anything but curproc,
    and even curproc is harder to follow.
2007-09-27 20:29:50 +00:00
rsc
3807c1f20b rename splhi/spllo to pushcli/popcli 2007-09-27 20:09:40 +00:00
rsc
39c3fb1b15 overkill: use segments to catch stack overflow (delete before next year) 2007-09-27 19:39:10 +00:00
rsc
c8919e6537 kernel SMP interruptibility fixes.
Last year, right before I sent xv6 to the printer, I changed the
SETGATE calls so that interrupts would be disabled on entry to
interrupt handlers, and I added the nlock++ / nlock-- in trap()
so that interrupts would stay disabled while the hw handlers
(but not the syscall handler) did their work.  I did this because
the kernel was otherwise causing Bochs to triple-fault in SMP
mode, and time was short.

Robert observed yesterday that something was keeping the SMP
preemption user test from working.  It turned out that when I
simplified the lapic code I swapped the order of two register
writes that I didn't realize were order dependent.  I fixed that
and then since I had everything paged in kept going and tried
to figure out why you can't leave interrupts on during interrupt
handlers.  There are a few issues.

First, there must be some way to keep interrupts from "stacking
up" and overflowing the stack.  Keeping interrupts off the whole
time solves this problem -- even if the clock tick handler runs
long enough that the next clock tick is waiting when it finishes,
keeping interrupts off means that the handler runs all the way
through the "iret" before the next handler begins.  This is not
really a problem unless you are putting too many prints in trap
-- if the OS is doing its job right, the handlers should run
quickly and not stack up.

Second, if xv6 had page faults, then it would be important to
keep interrupts disabled between the start of the interrupt and
the time that cr2 was read, to avoid a scenario like:

   p1 page faults [cr2 set to faulting address]
   p1 starts executing trapasm.S
   clock interrupt, p1 preempted, p2 starts executing
   p2 page faults [cr2 set to another faulting address]
   p2 starts, finishes fault handler
   p1 rescheduled, reads cr2, sees wrong fault address

Alternately p1 could be rescheduled on the other cpu, in which
case it would still see the wrong cr2.  That said, I think cr2
is the only interrupt state that isn't pushed onto the interrupt
stack atomically at fault time, and xv6 doesn't care.  (This isn't
entirely hypothetical -- I debugged this problem on Plan 9.)

Third, and this is the big one, it is not safe to call cpu()
unless interrupts are disabled.  If interrupts are enabled then
there is no guarantee that, between the time cpu() looks up the
cpu id and the time that it the result gets used, the process
has not been rescheduled to the other cpu.  For example, the
very commonly-used expression curproc[cpu()] (aka the macro cp)
can end up referring to the wrong proc: the code stores the
result of cpu() in %eax, gets rescheduled to the other cpu at
just the wrong instant, and then reads curproc[%eax].

We use curproc[cpu()] to get the current process a LOT.  In that
particular case, if we arranged for the current curproc entry
to be addressed by %fs:0 and just use a different %fs on each
CPU, then we could safely get at curproc even with interrupts
disabled, since the read of %fs would be atomic with the read
of %fs:0.  Alternately, we could have a curproc() function that
disables interrupts while computing curproc[cpu()].  I've done
that last one.

Even in the current kernel, with interrupts off on entry to trap,
interrupts are enabled inside release if there are no locks held.
Also, the scheduler's idle loop must be interruptible at times
so that the clock and disk interrupts (which might make processes
runnable) can be handled.

In addition to the rampant use of curproc[cpu()], this little
snippet from acquire is wrong on smp:

  if(cpus[cpu()].nlock == 0)
    cli();
  cpus[cpu()].nlock++;

because if interrupts are off then we might call cpu(), get
rescheduled to a different cpu, look at cpus[oldcpu].nlock, and
wrongly decide not to disable interrupts on the new cpu.  The
fix is to always call cli().  But this is wrong too:

  if(holding(lock))
    panic("acquire");
  cli();
  cpus[cpu()].nlock++;

because holding looks at cpu().  The fix is:

  cli();
  if(holding(lock))
    panic("acquire");
  cpus[cpu()].nlock++;

I've done that, and I changed cpu() to complain the first time
it gets called with interrupts disabled.  (It gets called too
much to complain every time.)

I added new functions splhi and spllo that are like acquire and
release but without the locking:

  void
  splhi(void)
  {
    cli();
    cpus[cpu()].nsplhi++;
  }

  void
  spllo(void)
  {
    if(--cpus[cpu()].nsplhi == 0)
      sti();
  }

and I've used those to protect other sections of code that refer
to cpu() when interrupts would otherwise be disabled (basically
just curproc and setupsegs).  I also use them in acquire/release
and got rid of nlock.

I'm not thrilled with the names, but I think the concept -- a
counted cli/sti -- is sound.  Having them also replaces the
nlock++/nlock-- in trap.c and main.c, which is nice.


Final note: it's still not safe to enable interrupts in
the middle of trap() between lapic_eoi and returning
to user space.  I don't understand why, but we get a
fault on pop %es because 0x10 is a bad segment
descriptor (!) and then the fault faults trying to go into
a new interrupt because 0x8 is a bad segment descriptor too!
Triple fault.  I haven't debugged this yet.
2007-09-27 12:58:42 +00:00